The book critically examines the dominant narratives surrounding Palestine's history, particularly those emphasizing a solely Jewish historical narrative. By highlighting the inherent biases and limitations within these traditional approaches, it advocates for a more nuanced understanding that acknowledges the contributions and experiences of all peoples who have inhabited the land. This includes challenging the "ancient roots" argument often used to justify claims to the land, urging a more objective and inclusive historical analysis.

"A New Critical Approach to the History of Palestine" underscores the importance of incorporating diverse methodologies and sources beyond traditional textual analysis. It emphasizes the value of archaeological findings, anthropological studies, oral histories, and landscape interpretations in reconstructing a more comprehensive historical narrative. By weaving together these diverse strands of evidence, the book provides a richer and more complete understanding of the Palestinian past.

The book recognizes the significance of cultural heritage as a powerful tool for understanding and navigating the complexities of the present. By exploring the tangible and intangible aspects of Palestinian heritage, including archaeological sites, oral traditions, and cultural practices, it sheds light on the enduring legacy of the past and its impact on contemporary issues of identity, memory, and belonging.