The guide examines how Smilla's dual Greenlandic-Danish heritage creates a profound sense of displacement, reflecting broader themes of colonialism and cultural alienation. Her unique perspective as both insider and outsider drives the narrative while highlighting the challenges faced by indigenous people in modern European society.

Through Smilla's expertise in snow and ice patterns, the guide explores the tension between empirical scientific knowledge and intuitive understanding. This theme demonstrates how different forms of knowledge can both complement and conflict with each other in the pursuit of truth.

The study materials analyze how the novel critiques institutional power through its exploration of corporate and governmental corruption. Smilla's investigation reveals the exploitation of Greenland's resources and people, reflecting real-world issues of environmental and social justice.