Mott emphasizes that social change must be rooted in the grace received through the death and resurrection of Christ. This grace is the foundation for justice, which involves taking up the cause of the oppressed and ensuring their inclusion in the community. Justice, in this context, is not just about fairness but about restoring those who are marginalized.

The book evaluates various methods for achieving social change, such as evangelism, counter community, civil disobedience, armed revolution, and political reform. Mott highlights the strengths and limitations of each method, arguing that no single approach is sufficient on its own. Instead, a combination of methods is necessary to bring about meaningful and lasting change.

Mott discusses the vital role of political authority in promoting social justice. He argues that Christians should use all available and legitimate means to meet basic needs and ensure that everyone has what is essential for inclusion in society. Political authority, when used correctly, can be a powerful tool for achieving social justice and addressing the needs of the oppressed.