The novel delves deeply into Anna's struggle to define her identity as a mixed-race woman raised by a single mother. Finding her father's diaries forces her to confront the missing pieces of her heritage, leading her on a quest to understand her place in the world and how her racial background shapes her experiences. The journey to West Africa becomes a journey inward, forcing her to confront her preconceptions and embrace the complexities of her identity.

"Sankofa" explores the intricate dynamics of family, both present and absent. Anna grapples with the legacy of her parents' relationship and the impact of her father's choices on her own life. She confronts questions about inheritance, both genetic and cultural, as she navigates the unfamiliar terrain of her father's homeland. The novel highlights how familial ties can transcend time and distance, shaping our identities and choices.

Through her father's past and her experiences in his West African nation, the novel examines the lingering effects of colonialism. Anna witnesses firsthand the complexities of post-colonial life, including political corruption, economic disparity, and the enduring influence of Western culture. "Sankofa" provides a nuanced perspective on the historical forces that continue to shape contemporary society and the challenges faced by nations striving for autonomy and self-determination.