Ellis argues against the misconception that literary criticism is purely subjective or intuitive. He emphasizes the 'craft' of criticism, highlighting the importance of rigorous analysis, understanding literary techniques, and engaging with historical and cultural contexts. He provides readers with a toolbox of critical approaches, enabling them to go beyond gut reactions and develop well-supported interpretations.

Ellis explores the multifaceted goals of literary criticism, pushing beyond simply labeling a work as 'good' or 'bad.' He argues that criticism should illuminate a text's deeper meanings, examine its cultural impact, and spark meaningful conversations about the human condition. Through engaging with critical essays on a range of texts, readers learn to appreciate how different critical lenses can unveil new and exciting interpretations.

Focusing on 17th and 18th-century literature and poetry, Ellis demonstrates how critical approaches have evolved over time. By examining historical critical texts, readers gain an understanding of how literary analysis has been shaped by cultural shifts, philosophical movements, and the development of new literary forms. This historical perspective encourages readers to consider the dynamic relationship between literature and criticism.