Holden's journey is a desperate search for connection and authenticity. He despises the 'phoniness' he perceives in the adult world and struggles to find his place among his peers, often pushing them away with his cynicism and judgment. This theme explores the universal longing for belonging, especially poignant during the turbulent adolescent years.

Throughout the novel, Holden grapples with the loss of his younger brother, Allie, and the painful transition from childhood to adulthood. He romanticizes childhood innocence and fears the inevitable corruption he sees in the adult world, represented by his recurring fantasy of being 'the catcher in the rye' who saves children from falling off a cliff. This theme highlights the complexities of growing up and the challenges of preserving innocence in a world that often feels harsh and unforgiving.

Holden's rebellion against societal expectations and his constant criticism of those around him are part of his struggle to define himself. He desperately seeks authenticity and genuine connection, rejecting anything that seems superficial or contrived. This theme resonates with readers who are also trying to figure out who they are and what they believe in, especially in the face of societal pressures.