Toddlers are not simply smaller versions of older children. Their brains are still developing, which results in behavior that can seem primitive and uncivilized. In the early stages of a pediatrician's career, attempts to patiently explain and reassure upset toddlers often prove ineffective. This is because toddlers do not process information the same way older children do. A shift in approach to using simple, basic language can have a surprising effect, quickly calming a distressed toddler. This revelation can lead to viewing toddlers as little "cavemen". Similar to how cavemen were impulsive and lacked logical thinking, toddlers' brains are not yet mature enough to manage language, logic, and patience when they are upset.

This perspective can shed new light on typical toddler behaviors. Tantrums, defiance, and lack of manners can be seen as behaviors reminiscent of our ancient ancestors. Toddlers are in the process of learning the social norms of civilization. Viewing toddlers as little cavemen can be a key to understanding their behavior.

This perspective, combined with simple techniques such as Toddler-ese and the Fast Food Rule, can empower parents to increase cooperation, reduce annoying behaviors, and immediately halt unacceptable behaviors. In the latest edition, more examples have been included and the advice has been simplified for immediate implementation. With consistent practice, these tools can assist parents in becoming adept ambassadors, fostering strong, happy relationships with their toddlers.