The novel deeply explores the construction of identity through Frank's elaborate rituals and self-mythology, questioning how our understanding of ourselves shapes our reality and behavior. His struggle with gender identity and societal expectations forms a central pillar of his psychological landscape.

Frank's obsessive creation of ceremonies, sacrifices, and the Wasp Factory itself represents humanity's attempt to impose order on chaos. His elaborate systems of belief and prediction serve as coping mechanisms for dealing with an unpredictable and traumatic past.

The story examines the relationship between childhood innocence and violence, presenting Frank's horrific acts through his detached, almost childlike perspective. This juxtaposition forces readers to confront uncomfortable questions about morality and human nature.