Wicked challenges the simplistic binaries of good and evil presented in the original 'Wizard of Oz.' Elphaba, though labeled 'wicked,' is shown to be deeply compassionate, fighting for the rights of animals and opposing the corrupt Wizard's regime. Conversely, characters traditionally seen as 'good,' like Glinda the Good Witch, are revealed to be more concerned with appearances and social standing.

Elphaba's emerald-green skin makes her an outcast from birth. This theme of 'othering' is central to the novel, as Elphaba faces prejudice and discrimination throughout her life. This fear of the different fuels the Wizard's rise to power, as he manipulates public opinion to ostracize and demonize those who don't conform, including Animals and anyone who questions his authority.

Elphaba's journey is one of self-discovery. Throughout the novel, she grapples with her identity as a green-skinned woman in a world that shuns her. She struggles to find a place where she truly belongs, facing betrayal and heartbreak along the way. Her journey resonates with anyone who has ever felt like an outsider, searching for acceptance and understanding.